Tile Facts
To determine the overall performance and durability of the glazed surface of ceramic tile, there are standardized industry tests and classifications which rate tiles specific resistance to scratching, breaking, abrasion and moisture.
Scratch Hardness Most tiles are rated for hardness or scratch resistance using the MOHS Test and rating system. The MOHS test rates tile from 1 (softest) to 10 (hardest). Ceramic tile with a value of 5 or more is suitable for most residential floor tile applications. Tile with a value of 7 or higher is normally acceptable for most commercial applications or heavy traffic areas.
Wear Rating - To help select suitable tiles for specific applications tiles are rated the P.E.I. (Porcelain Enamel Institute) scale. The tiles are evaluated for wear resistance on a scale from 1 (lowest) to 5 (highest)
- PEI 1: Light Traffic recommended for residential bathrooms or other areas with light traffic and where shoes are not frequently used.
- PEI 2: Medium Traffic recommended for residential interiors, except entryways, kitchens, stairs or any area where tiles may come into contact with gravel or sand.
- PEI 3: Medium-heavy Traffic recommended for all residential interiors and light commercial applications. Not recommended for commercial entryway.
- PEI 4: Heavy Traffic suitable for all residential interiors and most commercial applications including shopping malls and public areas.
- PEI 5: Heavy-plus Traffic all residential and commercial areas where heavy-duty wearability is needed.
Water Absorption reflects the density of the body of the tile. There is a direct relationship to the water absorption rate and the suitability of the various types of tile for interior or exterior applications. Tiles suitable for exterior applications must have a very low water absorption rate, especially in climates subject to freezing and thawing cycles. There are typically porcelain body tiles which have a moisture absorption rating of less than .5%.
Shade and Texture Variations Like the natural products themselves tiles will vary in shading. This adds to the beauty and design of the products. Variations in size, color, texture and pattern should be expected and enjoyed. Most tiles use a rating system to denote the amount of variation to be expected. Tile is rated from Low (consistent) to Random (very high variation)
Low Consistent shade and texture
Moderate Moderate Shade and texture variation
High High shade and texture variation
Random Very high shade and texture variation
For a neat contemporary looking tile floor, choose a tile with a low shade and texture rating. A tile with a high or random shade rating achieves a more casual, rustic effect.
Make sure you know the shade and texture variation rating on any tile you are considering. Ask to see more than 1 tile or a picture of more than one tile.
